Navigating the ETA scheme: A Guide for Travellers to the UK

The Home Office announced The Electronic Travel Authorisation scheme in March 2023.   This article explains the implementation  of the ETA on travellers from countries such as the United States and Canada. The scheme is being implemented in stages. The most recent changes commenced on 08 January 2025. Here is a summary of Electronic Travel Authorisation Scheme and what we can expect in the year to come.

What is an Electronic Travel Authorisation scheme?

Individuals and visitors transiting through the UK who do not need a visa for short stays or those who do not already have any immigration status prior to travelling to the UK, will be required by law to obtain an ETA.

An Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA) is a digital permit linked to your valid passport, allowing travel to the UK for purposes such as tourism, business, or short-term study. It remains valid for two years or until the passport expires, whichever comes first, and permits multiple entries during this period.

Who Requires an ETA?

The ETA scheme is being implemented in phases and will eventually apply to all non-visa nationals.  Below are the phases/stages of the scheme:

• Currently Required: Nationals from Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE need an ETA to visit the UK.
• From 8 January 2025: Travelers from non-European countries, including the US, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, will need an ETA. Applications opened on 27 November 2024.
• From 2 April 2025: European nationals will also require an ETA. Applications for this group begin on 5 March 2025.

Who is Exempt from ETA  Scheme?

The Home Office guidance provides the following individuals do not require an ETA to travel to the UK:

• Those holding a valid visa (including a visitor visa) or permission to live, work, or study in the UK.
• British or Irish citizens, including those with dual citizenship.
• Individuals traveling with a British Overseas Territories citizen passport.
• Residents of Ireland traveling from Ireland, Guernsey, Jersey, or the Isle of Man.

How to  Make an Application for an ETA

The applications can be completed online on the UK government’s official website. Please follow this link: Apply for an electronic travel authorisation (ETA) – GOV.UK.. Alternatively, The quickest way to apply is via the UK ETA app, which can be downloaded from the App Store or Google Play.

Evidence Requested for the Application:

• A valid passport.
• A recent digital photo (you can upload one or take it through the app).
• A functional email address.
• A credit or debit card for the £10 application fee.

Processing Time

Most applications are processed within three working days. However, it’s recommended to apply well in advance of your travel date to avoid any complications and inconveniences.

Tips for Travellers

• An application for an ETA needs to be made prior to travelling to the UK.
• Each traveller, including children and infants, must have their own ETA.
• Possessing an ETA does not guarantee entry, as the final decision lies with border officials upon arrival.
• If you get a new passport, you must apply for a new ETA.
• An ETA does not permit living or working in the UK. For such purposes, a visa is required.

What Happens if You Travel Without an ETA After 8 January 2025?

Travelers without an ETA may be asked to apply at the airport. While enforcement may not start until later in 2025, obtaining an ETA before your trip is strongly advised to avoid potential delays or issues.

Grounds for Refusal of an ETA Application

An ETA application may be declined based on certain suitability criteria. In such cases, you may still qualify for a visitor visa, but seeking legal advice before applying is recommended. Key reasons for refusal include:

Criminal History

• A custodial sentence of 12 months or more for a criminal offense in the UK or overseas.
• A conviction for a criminal offense in the UK or overseas, unless 12 months have passed since the date of conviction.

Immigration History

• Past violations of UK immigration laws, such as overstaying a visa, working illegally, or using false documents.
• Previous cancellation of an ETA or refusal of visas.
• Deportations or refusals from the UK or other countries may impact eligibility.

Security Risks

• An application will be denied if the applicant’s presence is deemed detrimental to public good due to conduct, character, or associations.
• Individuals posing risks to national security or involved in terrorism, war crimes, or activities threatening public safety will face refusal.

If Your Application is Refused

If your ETA application is declined, further steps depend on the specific reasons for refusal. In some cases, a visitor visa application may be a viable alternative. Legal guidance is recommended to navigate the process effectively. Please contact our firm if you request any assistance applying for a visa under any category within the Immigration Rules.